Antonov Oleg Konstantinovich
Antonov, Oleg Constantinovitch (1906-1984)
designer, academician, one of the founders of the soviet gliderism. In early years
designed gliders OKA-1, -2, -3, Standart-1, -2, City of Lenin. Upon graduation
from Leningrad Polytechnic (1930) - chief of glider KB of Osavaichim in Moscow,
1933-38 designer at glider factory in Tushino. Designed more than 30 types of
gliders, including UPAR, Us-1, Us-4, BS-3, -4, -5, Rot-Front-1 through -7, IP,
RE, M, BA-1. In 1938-40 worked in Yakovlev OKB, 1940-41 at Krasniy Letchik
aircraft factory on design of light transport aircraft, later supervised its introduction
into series at Kaunas aircraft plant. Supervised production of transport glider A-7.
In 1943-46 first deputy of Yakovlev OKB and in 1945 - chief of the Novosibirsk
branch of OKB. In 1946 chief designer of freshly established OKB transferred in
1952 to Kiev. In 1967-84 designer general. Under his leadership military transport
a/c An-8, -12, -22, -26, -32, -72, -124, multipurpose STOL An-2, -14, -28
and passenger An-10, -24, all metal gliders An-11, -13, -15 and hang-gliders
Slavutich were designed.
See also:Russian Aviation Museum
Balabuev, Petr Vasilievitch (born 1931)
aircraft designer, doctor of technical sciences. Graduated from Kharkov aviation
Institute (1954). Worked in Antonov OKB (designer general from 1984). Worked on
An-8, -10, -12, -14, -22, -24, -26, -28, -30 ,-32, -72, -74, -124 and their
modifications. Lead the constraction of An-225.
The OKB is in Ukraine since 1991.
- Company News
- A-2 40.5K - small transport glider. 1942.
- A-7/RF-8 - Transport glider. Approx 400 built from 1940 onwards. Six seats
- A-40/KT -
"Krylatyi Tank" The idea of KT was to fit biplane wings and twin tailbooms
to a five-ton tank; a prototype was built and flown using a turret-less tank.
Wing span 15 (18?) m.
Length 11.5 (12.06?) m.
Wing area 68 (85.5?) m².
Glider mass 2004 kg.
Normal weight 8200 (7804?) kg.
Wing load 120 kg/m².
Take off speed at full load 160 km/h.
Landing speed 110 km/h.
Tank T-60 (5800kg).
- OKA-38/SS-1/Shs 41.1K -
Soviet version of the German Fieseler Fi 156 Storch liaison aircraft.
One MB-6 engine.
1940.
- SKV 43.9K -
"partizan" aircraft (color scheme is just a joke).
two AI-14 engines.
project. developed to An-14.
- An-2 51.8K Colt -
Single-engine biplane utility transport. One 1000 hp.
Shvetsov Ash-62IR radial engine. Take off mass 5250kg.
First flew in 1947.
Fun club: phones: +7(0572)44-26-21, +7(0572)97-45-88; e-mail: eastga@kharkov.com; "General Aviation", Kharkov, UA.
A biplane transport, used since 1947 with great succes and in many countries,
despite its apparent obsolescence. Over 18000 may have been built.
The An-2 was used as STOL transport, for training, as firefighting aircraft,
as agricultural aircraft, and in many other roles. The An-2 has also been built
as floatplane (An-4); the normal wheeled landing gear can easily be interchanged
with skis. There is a meteorological version with a cabin in front of the tailfin
(An-6), and a An-2F experimental artillery spotter, with a extensively glazed aft
fuselage and a slender tail boom with twin fins. For agricultural purposes a
turboprop-engined version, the An-3 (SKh, "Selsko-Khosiajstwennij" = "Agricultural"),
was created recently.
The prototype of the An-2, designed to a specification of the Ministry of
Agriculture and Forestry of the USSR, made its first flight on 31 August
1947. In 1948 the aircraft went into production in the USSR as the An-2,
with a 746 kW (1000 hp) ASh-62 engine. By 1960, more than 5000 An-2s had
been built in the Soviet Union, as fully described in previous editions of
Jane's. Licence rights were granted to China, where the first locally
produced An-2 was completed in December 1957, as the Yunshuji-5 or Y-5.
Limited production continues in China, as described under the SAP heading
in that section. Since 1960, apart from a few dozen Soviet built An-2Ms
(1971-72 Jane's), continued production of the An-2 has been primarily the
responsibility of PZL Mielec, the original licence arrangement providing
for two basic versions: the An-2T transport and An-2R agricultural version.
The first Polish built An-2 was flown on 23 October 1960. Mielec has
since built more than 11950 An-2s for domestic use and for export to the
USSR (10427), Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, France, the then German
Democratic Republic, Hungary, Iraq, North Korea, Mongolia, Netherlands,
Nicaragua, Romania, Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey, the UK, Venezuela and Yugoslavia.
They include 7777 An-2Rs. In 1989 AICSA of Colombia (which see) assembled two
An-2s from kits supplied from PZL Mielec via Pezetel. Polish built versions
have different designations from those built in the USSR. They include the
An-2 Geofiz; An-2LW; An-2P, PK, P-Photo and PR; An-2R; An-2S; An-2T, TD and
TP. Further details of these can be found in the 1983-84 and earlier
editions of Jane's.
More:
1 56.5K,
2 24.7K (Swedish AF),
3 33.3K,
4 54.3K,
5 51.6K.
Story:
1 [4.9K].
Modifications:
- An-2V - An-6, weather recce.
- An-2F 24.3K - photo recce + night artillery recce.
Thick glass tail, twin-tail, UBT machinegun or NS-23 cannon.
First flown in Apr-1949 by A.E.Pashkevich.
No serial production.
3D view 26.2K.
Combat activity:
- Vietnam.
- Afganistan 1979..1988. One was lost.
Table of engines moved there.
Chineese Y-5 43.5K - An-3 54.2K Colt -
The An-3 is a turboprop-engined (TVD-20 or TVD-1500SKh) development of old the An-2 transport
biplane, first flown in 1984. A rather unique concept, the An-3 was
built because the jet-engined M-15 biplane did not stand up to the
rigours of agricultural work. Sertification expected by April'2000
in "Polyot" Enterprise, Omsk. Convertion price up to USD500K (TVD-20
engine costs about USD200K) at 30% prepayment and 5..6 monthes delivery.
Estimated market about 2000 aircrafts from Latin America, Iraq, Cuba,
Hungary, and Yugoslavia plus numerous An-2 from CIS.
Single-wing long-wing high-winger version. First time "An-3" designation was used.
"Gunship" project for air defense (against recce ballons)??
More: 1 49.8K.
Story: 1 [4.9K].
See also: 1
- An-4 Colt - An-2 floatplane version.
- An-6 27.9K "Meteo" Colt -
Wheater reconaissance high altitude version of the An-2.
Extra glass cockpit just near the vertical stabilizer.
Also known as An-2V.
- An-8 3.8K Camp - 1955.
Twin-engined assault transport. Did not enter quantity production.
IFF system SRO-2. By Off-Topic.
More:
1 14.2K,
2 18.2K,
3 12.8K.
- An-10 "Ukraine" 3.3K Cat -
Four-engine turboprop commercial freight and passenger transport.
Four 4015 shp Ivchenko AI-20 turboprops. Up to 130 passengers.
Entered service in 1959. 100 built.
More:
1 28.9K,
2 28.9K.
- An-12 23.0K Cub -
Medium and long-range military transport. Military version of
An-10A 26.8K commercial transport.
96 fully equipped paratroopers.
Redesigned rear fuselage with loading ramp and tail turret.
A four-engined transport, the nearest Soviet equivalent to the C-130 but
larger. Typical for the USSR practice is the position of tail gunner!
Around 900 built. Also used as ELINT aircraft.
IFF system SRO-2 "Khrom". By Off-Topic.
More:
1 62.0K,
2 26.8K,
3 60.4K,
4 64.1K.
Combat activity
- Afganistan 1979..1988. Two were lost.
Modifications:
- An-12PL - sky-geared arctic version. 2-nd pre-serial and CCCP-04366.
- An-12 Zebra - airborn control point
- An-14 3.2K Clod/Pchelka -
Twin-engined light STOL utility transport.
Two 300 Ivchenko AI-14RF radial engines.
About 300 built.
More:
1 105.4K,
2 46.5K.
- An-18 - ??
- An-22 5.7K Cock/Antey -
Four-engined heavy military and commercial freighter.
Four 15,000 shp Kuznetsov NK-12MA turboprops.
The twin tailfins of 'Antej' (Anteus) are an uncommon characteristic.
It was the largest aircraft in the world until the introduction of the C-5.
About 700 fully equipped paratroopers.
The first one was built in Kiev 18-Aug-1964, first flown 27-Feb-1965.
Serial production ??-Nov-1965 to ??-Jan-1976 in Tashkent TAPO named after Chkalov.
44 An-22 + 22 An-22A were built. 8 were lost:
From Oleg Devjatkin
- 18-Jul-1970 - An-22 s/n 02-07 (CCCP-09307, pilot A.Boyarintsev)
was lost in 47 minutes after take off from Keflavik airfield.
The a/c worked for Peru after the earthquake.
- ??-Dec-1970 - An-22 s/n 02-05 (CCCP-09305, pilot N.Skoka)
in 40 minutes after take off from Dakka, India, all 4 engines gone off.
One could be recovered, but the propeller damage caused crash at landing in
Pangarakh, India.
- ??-Dec-1976 - An-22 s/n 05-01 (pilot V.Efremov) was lost in a test flight
due to pilot's mistake.
- 8-Jun-1977 - An-22 s/n 04-05 crashed at take off run. no kills. service mistake.
- ??-Jun-1980 - An-22 s/n 06-01 (pilot V.Shigaev) fire at landing in Vnukovo
due to electric accumulator malfunction. 3 killed.
- 13-Mar-1987 - bad landing in Addis-Abeba, Ethiopia.
Bad weather condition. Landing speed 265km/h, vertical accel 2.35.
Gear partial destruction. No kills.
Flown to The Monino museum.
- 11-Nov-1992 - An-22 s/n 06-10 (pilot I.Misyutin) was lost in
commercial flight due to 20t overload. 33 kills. Migalovo.
- ??-Jan-1994 - An-22 s/n 04-08 (pilot Yu.Kredina). Migalovo. Unknown reason.
More: 1 31.8K,
2 39.0K,
3 57.1K.
See also.
- An-24 1.9K Coke -
A high-wing twin-turboprop short-range transport,
designed as a civil aircraft, but used by some air forces too.
An-24RV is modification for hot-and-high operations.
Two 2550 shp Ivchenko AI-24 turboprops.
1959. Developed in 1961. Entered service in 1963.
10-th aircraft of 67-th series [the last one?] was built in 1971 at Kharkov.
Total (including An-24T) about 1300 were built.
More: 1 27.7K.
- An-26 24.9K Curl -
Tactical transport, development of the An-24.
Twin-engined short to medium-range military and commercial freighter.
Two 2820 shp Ivchenko AI-24T turboprops.
The An-26 like the AN-24RV has an auxiliary turbojet
in the right engine nacelle, used for high-and-hot operations.
The An-26 has a rear loading ramp.
1969.
More:
1 50.7K,
2 43.8K.
- An-28 13.5K Cash -
The Antonov bureau developed the An-28 for service on Aeroflot's
shortest routes, particularly those operated by An-2s into places
relatively inaccessible to other fixed-wing types. It is suitable
for carrying passengers, cargo and mail, for scientific
expeditions, geological survey, forest fire patrol, air ambulance
or rescue operations, and parachute training. The An-28 will not
stall, even with the control column held in the extreme rearward
position, because of the action of its automatic slots. If an
engine fails, the upper surface spoiler forward of the aileron on
the opposite wing is opened automatically; as a result, the wing
bearing the dead engine drops only 12~ in 5 s instead of the 30~
that it would drop through loss of lift without the action of the
Antonov patented spoiler. The fixed tailplane slat, also patented,
improves handling during a high angle of attack climbout. Under
icing conditions, if the normal anti-icing system fails, ice
collects on the slat rather than the tailplane, to retain
controllability.
The early history of this twin-turboprop light general purpose
transport has been given in many previous editions of Jane's.
Official Soviet flight testing was completed in 1972, and the
production designation An-28 was allocated during 1973. The first
pre-production An-28 (SSSR-19723) originally retained the same
engines as the prototype, but in April 1975 (re-registered
SSSR-19753) it flew for the first time with 716 kW (960 shp)
Glushenkov TVD-10 turboprops (now WSK-PZL Rzeszow TWD-10B). An-28
production was entrusted to PZL Mielec in 1978, and a temporary
type certificate, under Soviet NLGS-2 regulations, was awarded on 4
October that year to the second Soviet built pre-production
aircraft (originally SSSR-19754, later SSSR-48105).
Polish manufacture began with an initial batch of 15 aircraft,
and 163 had been ordered by 1 January 1991. First flight by a
Polish built An-28 (SSSR-28800) was made on 22 July 1984, and this
version received its full Soviet type certificate on 7 February
1986. Flight trials with PT6A-65B turboprops were due to begin in
second half of 1991.
- An-30 2.8K Clank -
Cartography aircraft, development of the An-24. 1967. 3 (?) built.
1 killed in Afganistan.
Modifications:
- An-30M - recce/AEW
More: 1 36.7K.
- An-32 3.0K Cline -
Twin-engined military tactical transport. 1976.
Two 4195 ehp Ivchenko AI-20M or 5112 ehp AI-20DM turboprops.
Derivative of An-26. Optimized for hot-and-high conditions.
Entered service in early 1980s.
More:
1 27.1K.
- An-38-100 52.2K -
cargo/passenger (26 seats) short range liner.
Development of An-28.
International flight sertification passed in April'2000.
Price USD4M.
Production in Novosibirsk.
Modifications:
- An-38-100 -
Two US-born TPE-331-14GR engines 1500hp each
or two TVD-20-03 (from Omsk) with AV-36-02 propellers (from Stupino).
production by NAPO.
Max take-off mass 9500kg (27 passengers).
Range 900km at max load (400kg of fuel per hour).
Max range 1790km at 1600kg of load (max fuel).
Runway length 895m at max load on a single engine.
Raw ground, snow, ice airfields are ok.
Mountain airfield up to 2600m.
Thermal conditions: -50°C to +45°C.
Low noise.
30-minutes conversion to any of these variants:
passenger, cargo, cargo/passenger.
Extra versions: business, paratrooper transport, patrol,
photo recce, geophysical, medical.
- An-38-200 -
TVD-20 engines.
More: 1 56.0K.
- An-70 67.6K - program terminated?
After the breakup of the Soviet Union, Antonov has become an Ukranian company.
The An-70 is a replacement for the An-12 'Cub'. It has the high wing and tail
loading ramp that are typical for tactical freight aircraft; a novelty is the
use of contra-rotating propfans.
1992.
<23-Jun-1996>
Antonov plans to fly the second An-70 prototype in November.
-- Urban Fredriksson
Export price about $70M, internal - about $40M.
Estimated market about 1000 units.
Russian Air Force ordered 164 An-70.
Ukrainian Air Force ordered 65 An-70.
Chech Air Force are about to order it (An-7X version).
Modifications:
- An-7X - NATO-standards complaint version
- An-71 163.0K -
naval version of An-72 (AWACS, looks like Hawkeye).
Third startup engine RD-38K (version of take-off engine RD35FVR from Yak-38).
Seen in Gostomel, at test flight and tuning base of Antonov OKB in 1987.
Two (CCCP-780151 and CCCP-780361) flying were built
It was not intended to use on "Tbilisi" (AKA "Admiral Kuznetsov") aircraft carrier!
See also: Alexandre Savine's RAM.
- An-72 25.0K Coaler -
Twin engined light STOL transport.
Two 14,330 lb. st. Lotarev D-36R or
16,534 lb. st. D-436K turbofans. 1977.
An-72 is tactical transport version which entered service with Soviet Air Force in 1987.
An-74 is dedicated Arctic survey and support version.
Engines are mounted above the wing, and use is made of the Coanda effect
to achieve STOL performance.
A maritime patrol version is developed in cooperation with the Israeli IAI.
<29-Apr-1996>A Russian An-72 with flat panels on the sides of the rear
fuselage, believed to be SLAR aerials, has been photographed at the flight
test centre at Ahktubinsk. The Russian air force has not commented on it.
Modifications:
- An-72P (Postanovschik pomekh) - AEW
- An-72R (CCCP-783573) - experimental recce for An-88 program. now stored in Akhtubinsk.
- An-72P 49.9K (Pogranichnyj) - "gunship"
- An-74 4.8K Coaler -
Civil development of the An-72 (?).
Two D-36R.
1983.
More:
1 33.2K,
2 23.0K,
3 31.2K,
4 16.5K,
5 33.4K,
6 11.8K,
and even more.
Modifications:
- An-74T-300 - engines under the wing...
- An-74AEW Madcap -
AEW version of the Antonov An-72 twin-turbofan STOL transport. This
interesting design (the radar disc was mounted atop a forward-swept,
V-shaped set of tail fins) was cancelled in favour of Yakovlev's
Yak-44, a twin turboprop apparently very similar to the Grumman E-2
Hawkeye. The official reason given was that a turboprop was more
efficient for the AEW role than a jet (although your FAQ compiler
suspects that the fact that Yakovlev is a Russian company while
Antonov is Ukrainian probably had something to do with it too).
- An-88 - AWACS project.
- An-124 4.7K Condor/Ruslan -
Heavy strategic freighter.
Four 51,590 lb. st. Lotarev D-18T turbofans.
Development (?) 1982.
Entered service in 1984.
Modifications:
- - basic. Military transport
for one paratrooper regiment with full equipment.
- - converted. cargo transport.
More:
1 15.0K,
2 59.5K,
3 16.8K,
4 17.8K.
Many of them are operated by Volga-Dnepr company.
35-th An-124-100 Ruslan created by Aviastar, Samara for Volga-Dnepr company (10-th An-124-100 of the company, 8-th An-124-100 specially built for the company)!
- An-140 -
Not a production name of An-74-68 (which is "An-148").
Short range liner to replace obsolete An-24.
The a/c may have a cargo version.
Speed up to 575km/h.
Two TV3-117-VMA-SBM1 engines with AV-140 propellers.
52 passengers.
Range 2000km.
Up to 6 hours non-stop fligh.
Up to 6000kg load.
First flown 18-Sep-1997 by pilot A.KHrustitski, co-pilot E.Galunenko, test engineer A.Makijan.
Ukraine Airlines ordered 40 aircrafts.
Series of 1000 aircrafts is planned to be built.
Test flights completed in Feb'2000.
Estimated price USD 6..8 millions.
Entered production at Aviacor, Samara in Mar'2000, 5 airplanes initiated.
Serial production in Kharkov aviation facility.
Sertification passed 27-Apr-2000.
Photos.
As for 26-Aug-2002, 3 Kharkov-built a/c were delivered to Ukrainian aviation companies, 7 more ordered.
Production initiated in Iran (at Isfakhan facility), first Iran a/c is already flying.
- An-148 -
production name of An-74-68
Joint Russian-Ukraine development to replace An-24.
70..80 seats, 10000..11000km range(?), 850km/h.
Estimated price USD10M.
Production planned for Ulan-Ude facility.
- An-174 -
enlarged version of An-74.
project.
engines under the wing.
- An-180 - midrange passenger jet.
Crew 2. 163 or 175 passengers.
Wing span 35.6m, area 127m². Length 43.0m. Body diameter 4.3m.
Max takeoff mass 71700kg. Normal takeoff mass 67500.
Empty mass 42500. Max payload mass 18000.
Two 13880hp D-27 turboprop engines by ZMKB "Progress", Ukraine.
Cruise speed 800km/h. Cruise altitude 10100m.
Runway length 1950m at 67.5t or 3300m at 71.7t.
Range up to 7700km (95 passengers, 71.7t).
project in development since 1991.
- An-204 - ??? @ Aviastar-SP, Samara.
- An-218 -
postponed [?] project with propfan (or 2xD18TMx25000kgf ?) engines.
range 11500km. 350 seats. Cruise speed 870km/h.
estimated fuel efficiency 18 grams per passenger per hour.
- An-225 Mrija 21.6K Cossack -
Six-engined ultra-heavy transport.
Six 51,590 lb. st. Lotarev D-18T turbo-fans.
Freighter intended to carry large outside loads on top of fuselage in support of Soviet space program.
1988.
The aircraft was modernized to lift up to 250 tons.
The first flight of the modernized a/c is planned for 17-Apr-2001.
More: 1 53.2K, 2 39.3K,
3 18.9K,
4 44.1K.
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